Global warming is changing the habitability of many places for many species on Earth. Plants occupy the largest portion of the land surface and understanding thermoadaptation in plants is critical and timely for global sustainability, food security, and species conservation. Thermophiles have adapted to thrive under extreme heat, but little is known about thermoadaptive mechanisms in thermophilic plants. Tidestromia oblongifolia is a flowering plant belonging to the Amaranthaceae family. Endemic to the hot deserts of the US Southwest, T. oblongifolia has an optimal photosynthetic rate at 47ÂșC and can increase its biomass by up to 30% daily in Death Valley summers. To understand how this plant can thrive at such high temperatures, we recreated Death Valley summer conditions in custom-engineered high-temperature growth cabinets, obtained seeds of two accessions of T. oblongifolia (Death Valley and Dos Palmas), sequenced their genomes, and examined their physiology, cellular and organellar structures, transcriptomics, and metabolomics in response to high temperature and high light conditions that mimic Death Valley summers. I will describe our findings in this talk. We anticipate that this study may provide new insights into the thermal limit of photosynthesis in flowering plants, which could improve thermoadaptation in crops, develop industrial biocatalysts, and address conservation of plants in the context of climate change.